Certain conventions are used here to save time and space in written exercises.
1. It is merely a convention to use "by" or "by means of" to translate the ablative, e.g., puellâ = by means of the girl. But remember: to say that something was done by a person, as in "by the girl," a Latin speaker would use the preposition â or ab : â puellâ.
2. The convention (s) signifies "as a subject" and merely points to the nominative case which is sometimes used with words that are not technically the subject, e.g. a predicate nominative, like the word girl in "The winner is this girl."
3. The convention (o) signifies "as an object," and merely points to the accusative case that is usually used for direct objects. But of course indirect objects are a kind of object as well, and they are typically in the dative case. Also, some verbs take what in English are direct objects, but they stand in a different case in Latin, e.g., "ignosce mihi" (Pardon me), which uses a dative pronoun as the object of ignosce.
4. The word of indicates the genitive case; the words to/for indicate the dative.
1 | bâsia | kisses (s) | kisses (o) |
2 | remediîs | to / for the remedies | by the remedies |
3 | bellum | war (s) | war (o) |
4 | perîculîs | to / for the dangers | by the dangers |
5 | bella | wars (s) | wars (o) |
6 | dônôrum | of the gifts | |
7 | remediô | to / for the remedy | by the remedy |
8 | remediôrum | of the remedies | |
9 | consilium | plan (s) | plan (o) |
10 | ôtiîs | to / for the leisures | by the leisures |
11 | consilia | plans (s) | plans (o) |
12 | perîculô | to / for the danger | by the danger |
13 | dônum | gift (s) | gift (o) |
14 | bellîs | to / for the wars | by the wars |
15 | ôtiôrum | of the leisures | |
16 | dôna | gifts (s) | gifts (o) |
17 | ôtiô | to / for the leisure | by the leisure |
18 | exitium | destruction (s) | destruction (o) |
19 | exitiôrum | of the destructions | |
20 | exitia | destructions (s) | destructions (o) |
21 | officium | duty (s) | duty (o) |
22 | officiô | to / for the duty | by the duty |
23 | ôtiî | of the leisure | |
24 | officiôrum | of the duties | |
25 | officia | duties (s) | duties (o) |
26 | ôtium | leisure (s) | leisure (o) |
27 | officiî | of the leisure | |
28 | exitiô | to / for the destruction | by the destruction |
29 | perîculî | of the danger | |
30 | perîculum | danger (s) | danger (o) |
31 | ôtia | leisures (s) | leisures (o) |
32 | exitiî | of the destruction | |
33 | bâsiîs | to / for the kisses | by the kisses |
34 | dônô | to / for the gift | by the gift |
35 | consiliôrum | of the plans | |
36 | remediî | of the remedy | |
37 | remedium | remedy (s) | remedy (o) |
38 | dônî | of the gift | |
39 | consiliîs | to / for the plans | by the plans |
40 | perîcula | dangers (s) | dangers (o) |
41 | bellôrum | of the wars | |
42 | consiliô | to / for the plan | by the plan |
43 | bâsiô | to / for the kiss | by the kiss |
44 | bâsiî | of the kiss | |
45 | consiliî | of the plan | |
46 | remedia | remedies (s) | remedies (o) |
47 | bâsiôrum | of the kisses | |
48 | perîculôrum | of the dangers | |
49 | bellô | to / for the war | by the war |
50 | bellî | of the war | |
51 | exitiîs | to / for the destructions | by the destructions |
52 | bâsium | kiss (s) | kiss (o) |
53 | dônîs | to / for the gifts | by the gifts |
54 | officiîs | to / for the duties | by the duties |
1 | kiss (s) | bâsium | |
2 | to / for the destruction | exitiô | |
3 | to / for the duties | officiîs | |
4 | kisses (o) | bâsia | |
5 | to / for the kiss | bâsiô | |
6 | to / for the gift | dônô | |
7 | war (s) | bellum | |
8 | of the remedies | remediôrum | |
9 | to / for the duty | officiô | |
10 | to / for the leisures | ôtiîs | |
11 | wars (o) | bella | |
12 | of the destruction | exitiî | |
13 | remedy (o) | remedium | |
14 | of the kiss | bâsiî | |
15 | of the kisses | bâsiôrum | |
16 | plan (s) | consilium | |
17 | to / for the leisure | ôtiô | |
18 | to / for the dangers | perîculîs | |
19 | of the dangers | perîculôrum | |
20 | plans (o) | consilia | |
21 | to / for the war | bellô | |
22 | danger (o) | perîculum | |
23 | gift (s) | dônum | |
24 | of the plans | consiliôrum | |
25 | to / for the danger | perîculô | |
26 | to / for the remedies | remediîs | |
27 | of the danger | perîculî | |
28 | gifts (o) | dôna | |
29 | leisure (o) | ôtium | |
30 | destruction (s) | exitium | |
31 | to / for the remedy | remediô | |
32 | by the kiss | bâsiô | |
33 | of the duty | officiî | |
34 | destructions (o) | exitia | |
35 | duty (s) | officium | |
36 | duty (o) | officium | |
37 | to / for the kisses | bâsiîs | |
38 | by the war | bellô | |
39 | leisures (s) | ôtia | |
40 | by the plans | consiliîs | |
41 | of the leisure | ôtiî | |
42 | duties (o) | officia | |
43 | leisure (s) | ôtium | |
44 | to / for the wars | bellîs | |
45 | by the plan | consiliô | |
46 | duties (s) | officia | |
47 | by the wars | bellîs | |
48 | destruction (o) | exitium | |
49 | dangers (s) | perîcula | |
50 | by the gifts | dônîs | |
51 | danger (s) | perîculum | |
52 | leisures (o) | ôtia | |
53 | to / for the plans | consiliîs | |
54 | by the gift | dônô | |
55 | destructions (s) | exitia | |
56 | of the wars | bellôrum | |
57 | by the kisses | bâsiîs | |
58 | gift (o) | dônum | |
59 | of the gift | dônî | |
60 | by the remedies | remediîs | |
61 | remedies (s) | remedia | |
62 | by the destructions | exitiîs | |
63 | to / for the plan | consiliô | |
64 | remedy (s) | remedium | |
65 | to / for the gifts | dônîs | |
66 | by the destruction | exitiô | |
67 | gifts (s) | dôna | |
68 | of the gifts | dônôrum | |
69 | by the remedy | remediô | |
70 | dangers (o) | perîcula | |
71 | of the plan | consiliî | |
72 | plan (o) | consilium | |
73 | by the dangers | perîculîs | |
74 | kiss (o) | bâsium | |
75 | by the duties | officiîs | |
76 | kisses (s) | bâsia | |
77 | to / for the destructions | exitiîs | |
78 | by the duty | officiô | |
79 | plans (s) | consilia | |
80 | by the danger | perîculô | |
81 | remedies (o) | remedia | |
82 | of the war | bellî | |
83 | of the remedy | remediî | |
84 | war (o) | bellum | |
85 | by the leisures | ôtiîs | |
86 | wars (s) | bella | |
87 | by the leisure | ôtiô | |
88 | of the duties | officiôrum | |
89 | of the destructions | exitiôrum | |
90 | of the leisures | ôtiôrum |