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1 Practice 2us Practice 2um Practice 3mf 3n Practice 4mf 4n Practice 5 Practice |
Latin nouns have case-endings that make them like little phrases rather than like simple individual words. After you have studied the full chart of the declension, practice perceiving the ending-ambiguities immediately, and instead of thinking of the case-names (e.g. dative, ablative, etc.), give the full meanings as conventionalized here. This chart shows you which endings are unambiguous (have only one case as a possibility), and which are doubly-ambiguous.
Word |
Full Meaning |
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DÔNUM |
(1) gift (s) |
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DÔNÎ |
of the gift |
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DÔNÔ |
(1) to / for the gift |
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DÔNA |
(1) gifts (s) |
note plural |
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DÔNÔRUM |
of the gifts |
note plural |
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DÔNÎS |
(1) to / for the gifts |
note plural |
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Note: These ways of indicating the meanings of the words are only conventions: determining meaning in a sentence is more complex than substituting simple formulae like these. The purpose of this exercise is to get you into the habit of noticing and distinguishing and registering different inflected forms automatically and effortlessly. To achieve the necessary speed and ease of understanding, you should practice these exercises until you recognize the full meanings without having to pause and recall the declension-table.
Be aware that in the ablative case, if the noun refers to a person rather than a thing, then the noun is made the object of the preposition a or ab: a puerô does not mean "by means of the boy" but [something was done] "by the boy."
Give the full meaning of each word-form in the practice-exercise below, following the conventions given above. N.B.: English-to-Latin exercises are found below the Latin-to-English ones.
1 bâsia
2 remediîs
3 bellum
4 perîculîs
5 bella
6 dônôrum
7 remediô
8 remediôrum
9 cônsilium
10 ôtiîs
11 cônsilia
12 perîculô
13 dônum
14 bellîs
15 ôtiôrum
16 dôna
17 ôtiô
18 exitium
19 exitiôrum
20 exitia
21 officium
22 officiô
23 ôtiî
24 officiôrum
25 officia
26 ôtium
27 officiî
28 exitiô
29 perîculî
30 perîculum
31 ôtia
32 exitiî
33 bâsiîs
34 dônô
35 cônsiliôrum
36 remediî
37 remedium
38 dônî
39 cônsiliîs
40 perîcula
41 bellôrum
42 cônsiliô
43 bâsiô
44 bâsiî
45 cônsiliî
46 remedia
47 bâsiôrum
48 perîculôrum
49 bellô
50 bellî
51 exitiîs
52 bâsium
53 dônîs
54 officiîs
Back to full declension chart.
1 kiss (s)
2 to / for the destruction
3 to / for the duties
4 kisses (o)
5 to / for the kiss
6 to / for the gift
7 war (s)
8 of the remedies
9 to / for the duty
10 to / for the leisures
11 wars (o)
12 of the destruction
13 remedy (o)
14 of the kiss
15 of the kisses
16 plan (s)
17 to / for the leisure
18 to / for the dangers
19 of the dangers
20 plans (o)
21 to / for the war
22 danger (o)
23 gift (s)
24 of the plans
25 to / for the danger
26 to / for the remedies
27 of the danger
28 gifts (o)
29 leisure (o)
30 destruction (s)
31 to / for the remedy
32 by the kiss
33 of the duty
34 destructions (o)
35 duty (s)
36 duty (o)
37 to / for the kisses
38 by the war
39 leisures (s)
40 by the plans
41 of the leisure
42 duties (o)
43 leisure (s)
44 to / for the wars
45 by the plan
46 duties (s)
47 by the wars
48 destruction (o)
49 dangers (s)
50 by the gifts
51 danger (s)
52 leisures (o)
53 to / for the plans
54 by the gift
55 destructions (s)
56 of the wars
57 by the kisses
58 gift (o)
59 of the gift
60 by the remedies
61 remedies (s)
62 by the destructions
63 to / for the plan
64 remedy (s)
65 to / for the gifts
66 by the destruction
67 gifts (s)
68 of the gifts
69 by the remedy
70 dangers (o)
71 of the plan
72 plan (o)
73 by the dangers
74 kiss (o)
75 by the duties
76 kisses (s)
77 to / for the destructions
78 by the duty
79 plans (s)
80 by the danger
81 remedies (o)
82 of the war
83 of the remedy
84 war (o)
85 by the leisures
86 wars (s)
87 by the leisure
88 of the duties
89 of the destructions
90 of the leisures
Back to full declension chart.
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1 Practice 2us Practice 2um Practice 3mf 3n Practice 4mf 4n Practice 5 Practice |
Latin Teaching Materials at Saint Louis University: © Claude Pavur 1997 - 2009. This material is being made freely available for non-commercial educational use.
